developed in the1970's by the Los Angeles Police Department. This

procedure trains officers to use a standardized twelve-step evaluation

process that allows the officer to determine whether the suspect is under

the influence of drugs, and to determine the category of drug that is

causing the observable impairment. The twelve-step procedure also allows

the officer to rule in or out many medical conditions, such as illness or

injury, which may be contributing to the subject's impairment.

 While the DRE procedure's main objective is driving under the influence

(DUI) enforcement, the procedures have been applied in probation and

parole, drugs in the workplace issues and other areas where accurately

identifying the drug-impaired individual is relevant.

 The New Jersey Association of Drug Recognition Experts is comprised of

certified DRE officers from local, county and state law enforcement

agencies, throughout the State.